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The principle of the operation of backscattered LIDAR ("LIght Detection And Ranging") device is based on the detection of elastically scattered laser radiation from aerosols in the atmosphere at two wavelengths: 1064 nm and 532 nm. The difference in the detection of backscattered laser radiation for these two wavelengths provides the opportunity for detecting both the dimensions and the types of aerosols in the atmosphere. LIDAR can be used for remote tracking of aerosol vertical distribution in the troposphere.

LIDAR is a complex optoelectronic system that consists from following basic parts:

• laser emitter,
• telescope, for receiving the backscattered radiation,
• detector system,
• system for digital data processing.

The principal block diagram for LIDAR system is presented in Fig.105-2.

1 – NdYAG laser, 2 – beam expander, 3 – telescope (Cassegrain or Newton), 4 – fiber optical cable, 5 – beam splitter, 6 – narrowband interference filter, 7 – convex lens for focusing radiation on detector, 8 – detector, 9 – electronics for processing signal from detector, 10 – PC computer

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